What are common negotiation tactics used in international business?

The tactics listed in the first option, such as anchoring, making concessions, framing, and mirroring techniques, are indeed common and effective strategies in international business negotiations.

Anchoring involves establishing a reference point around which negotiation occurs, often setting the stage for the discussions. This tactic can greatly influence the outcome by determining the initial terms of the agreement. Making concessions is equally vital, as it reflects flexibility and the willingness to compromise, which can foster goodwill and lead to a more collaborative atmosphere.

Framing pertains to the way information is presented during the negotiation, affecting how other parties perceive the issues at stake and their willingness to agree. It can shape the context of discussions in a way that favors a particular viewpoint or outcome. Lastly, mirroring involves adopting the other party's behavior or speech patterns to build rapport and establish a connection, which is crucial in fostering trust and understanding in cross-cultural negotiations.

In contrast, the other options include tactics that might not be suitable or constructive in a professional negotiation setting. For example, retreating or avoiding can suggest a lack of commitment, and debatable techniques may lead to confrontation instead of collaboration. Strategies like threatening or demanding can significantly damage relationships and trust, which are essential in international business negotiations.